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/* @(#)k_cos.c 1.3 95/01/18 */
/*
* ====================================================
* Copyright (C) 1993 by Sun Microsystems, Inc. All rights reserved.
*
* Developed at SunSoft, a Sun Microsystems, Inc. business.
* Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this
* software is freely granted, provided that this notice
* is preserved.
* ====================================================
*/
#ifndef lint
static char rcsid[] = "$FreeBSD: src/lib/msun/src/k_cos.c,v 1.10 2005/10/26 12:36:18 bde Exp $";
#endif
/*
* __kernel_cos( x, y )
* kernel cos function on [-pi/4, pi/4], pi/4 ~ 0.785398164
* Input x is assumed to be bounded by ~pi/4 in magnitude.
* Input y is the tail of x.
*
* Algorithm
* 1. Since cos(-x) = cos(x), we need only to consider positive x.
* 2. if x < 2^-27 (hx<0x3e400000 0), return 1 with inexact if x!=0.
* 3. cos(x) is approximated by a polynomial of degree 14 on
* [0,pi/4]
* 4 14
* cos(x) ~ 1 - x*x/2 + C1*x + ... + C6*x
* where the remez error is
*
* | 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 | -58
* |cos(x)-(1-.5*x +C1*x +C2*x +C3*x +C4*x +C5*x +C6*x )| <= 2
* | |
*
* 4 6 8 10 12 14
* 4. let r = C1*x +C2*x +C3*x +C4*x +C5*x +C6*x , then
* cos(x) ~ 1 - x*x/2 + r
* since cos(x+y) ~ cos(x) - sin(x)*y
* ~ cos(x) - x*y,
* a correction term is necessary in cos(x) and hence
* cos(x+y) = 1 - (x*x/2 - (r - x*y))
* For better accuracy, rearrange to
* cos(x+y) ~ w + (tmp + (r-x*y))
* where w = 1 - x*x/2 and tmp is a tiny correction term
* (1 - x*x/2 == w + tmp exactly in infinite precision).
* The exactness of w + tmp in infinite precision depends on w
* and tmp having the same precision as x. If they have extra
* precision due to compiler bugs, then the extra precision is
* only good provided it is retained in all terms of the final
* expression for cos(). Retention happens in all cases tested
* under FreeBSD, so don't pessimize things by forcibly clipping
* any extra precision in w.
*/
#include "math.h"
#include "math_private.h"
static const double
one = 1.00000000000000000000e+00, /* 0x3FF00000, 0x00000000 */
C1 = 4.16666666666666019037e-02, /* 0x3FA55555, 0x5555554C */
C2 = -1.38888888888741095749e-03, /* 0xBF56C16C, 0x16C15177 */
C3 = 2.48015872894767294178e-05, /* 0x3EFA01A0, 0x19CB1590 */
C4 = -2.75573143513906633035e-07, /* 0xBE927E4F, 0x809C52AD */
C5 = 2.08757232129817482790e-09, /* 0x3E21EE9E, 0xBDB4B1C4 */
C6 = -1.13596475577881948265e-11; /* 0xBDA8FAE9, 0xBE8838D4 */
double
__kernel_cos(double x, double y)
{
double hz,z,r,w;
z = x*x;
r = z*(C1+z*(C2+z*(C3+z*(C4+z*(C5+z*C6)))));
hz = (float)0.5*z;
w = one-hz;
return w + (((one-w)-hz) + (z*r-x*y));
}
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