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Diffstat (limited to 'Documentation/power/devices.txt')
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/power/devices.txt | 127 |
1 files changed, 76 insertions, 51 deletions
diff --git a/Documentation/power/devices.txt b/Documentation/power/devices.txt index 64565aa..3139fb5 100644 --- a/Documentation/power/devices.txt +++ b/Documentation/power/devices.txt @@ -123,9 +123,10 @@ please refer directly to the source code for more information about it. Subsystem-Level Methods ----------------------- The core methods to suspend and resume devices reside in struct dev_pm_ops -pointed to by the pm member of struct bus_type, struct device_type and -struct class. They are mostly of interest to the people writing infrastructure -for buses, like PCI or USB, or device type and device class drivers. +pointed to by the ops member of struct dev_pm_domain, or by the pm member of +struct bus_type, struct device_type and struct class. They are mostly of +interest to the people writing infrastructure for platforms and buses, like PCI +or USB, or device type and device class drivers. Bus drivers implement these methods as appropriate for the hardware and the drivers using it; PCI works differently from USB, and so on. Not many people @@ -139,39 +140,57 @@ sequencing in the driver model tree. /sys/devices/.../power/wakeup files ----------------------------------- -All devices in the driver model have two flags to control handling of wakeup -events (hardware signals that can force the device and/or system out of a low -power state). These flags are initialized by bus or device driver code using +All device objects in the driver model contain fields that control the handling +of system wakeup events (hardware signals that can force the system out of a +sleep state). These fields are initialized by bus or device driver code using device_set_wakeup_capable() and device_set_wakeup_enable(), defined in include/linux/pm_wakeup.h. -The "can_wakeup" flag just records whether the device (and its driver) can +The "power.can_wakeup" flag just records whether the device (and its driver) can physically support wakeup events. The device_set_wakeup_capable() routine -affects this flag. The "should_wakeup" flag controls whether the device should -try to use its wakeup mechanism. device_set_wakeup_enable() affects this flag; -for the most part drivers should not change its value. The initial value of -should_wakeup is supposed to be false for the majority of devices; the major -exceptions are power buttons, keyboards, and Ethernet adapters whose WoL -(wake-on-LAN) feature has been set up with ethtool. +affects this flag. The "power.wakeup" field is a pointer to an object of type +struct wakeup_source used for controlling whether or not the device should use +its system wakeup mechanism and for notifying the PM core of system wakeup +events signaled by the device. This object is only present for wakeup-capable +devices (i.e. devices whose "can_wakeup" flags are set) and is created (or +removed) by device_set_wakeup_capable(). Whether or not a device is capable of issuing wakeup events is a hardware matter, and the kernel is responsible for keeping track of it. By contrast, whether or not a wakeup-capable device should issue wakeup events is a policy decision, and it is managed by user space through a sysfs attribute: the -power/wakeup file. User space can write the strings "enabled" or "disabled" to -set or clear the "should_wakeup" flag, respectively. This file is only present -for wakeup-capable devices (i.e. devices whose "can_wakeup" flags are set) -and is created (or removed) by device_set_wakeup_capable(). Reads from the -file will return the corresponding string. - -The device_may_wakeup() routine returns true only if both flags are set. +"power/wakeup" file. User space can write the strings "enabled" or "disabled" +to it to indicate whether or not, respectively, the device is supposed to signal +system wakeup. This file is only present if the "power.wakeup" object exists +for the given device and is created (or removed) along with that object, by +device_set_wakeup_capable(). Reads from the file will return the corresponding +string. + +The "power/wakeup" file is supposed to contain the "disabled" string initially +for the majority of devices; the major exceptions are power buttons, keyboards, +and Ethernet adapters whose WoL (wake-on-LAN) feature has been set up with +ethtool. It should also default to "enabled" for devices that don't generate +wakeup requests on their own but merely forward wakeup requests from one bus to +another (like PCI Express ports). + +The device_may_wakeup() routine returns true only if the "power.wakeup" object +exists and the corresponding "power/wakeup" file contains the string "enabled". This information is used by subsystems, like the PCI bus type code, to see whether or not to enable the devices' wakeup mechanisms. If device wakeup mechanisms are enabled or disabled directly by drivers, they also should use device_may_wakeup() to decide what to do during a system sleep transition. -However for runtime power management, wakeup events should be enabled whenever -the device and driver both support them, regardless of the should_wakeup flag. - +Device drivers, however, are not supposed to call device_set_wakeup_enable() +directly in any case. + +It ought to be noted that system wakeup is conceptually different from "remote +wakeup" used by runtime power management, although it may be supported by the +same physical mechanism. Remote wakeup is a feature allowing devices in +low-power states to trigger specific interrupts to signal conditions in which +they should be put into the full-power state. Those interrupts may or may not +be used to signal system wakeup events, depending on the hardware design. On +some systems it is impossible to trigger them from system sleep states. In any +case, remote wakeup should always be enabled for runtime power management for +all devices and drivers that support it. /sys/devices/.../power/control files ------------------------------------ @@ -247,20 +266,31 @@ for every device before the next phase begins. Not all busses or classes support all these callbacks and not all drivers use all the callbacks. The various phases always run after tasks have been frozen and before they are unfrozen. Furthermore, the *_noirq phases run at a time when IRQ handlers have -been disabled (except for those marked with the IRQ_WAKEUP flag). - -All phases use bus, type, or class callbacks (that is, methods defined in -dev->bus->pm, dev->type->pm, or dev->class->pm). These callbacks are mutually -exclusive, so if the device type provides a struct dev_pm_ops object pointed to -by its pm field (i.e. both dev->type and dev->type->pm are defined), the -callbacks included in that object (i.e. dev->type->pm) will be used. Otherwise, -if the class provides a struct dev_pm_ops object pointed to by its pm field -(i.e. both dev->class and dev->class->pm are defined), the PM core will use the -callbacks from that object (i.e. dev->class->pm). Finally, if the pm fields of -both the device type and class objects are NULL (or those objects do not exist), -the callbacks provided by the bus (that is, the callbacks from dev->bus->pm) -will be used (this allows device types to override callbacks provided by bus -types or classes if necessary). +been disabled (except for those marked with the IRQF_NO_SUSPEND flag). + +All phases use PM domain, bus, type, or class callbacks (that is, methods +defined in dev->pm_domain->ops, dev->bus->pm, dev->type->pm, or dev->class->pm). +These callbacks are regarded by the PM core as mutually exclusive. Moreover, +PM domain callbacks always take precedence over bus, type and class callbacks, +while type callbacks take precedence over bus and class callbacks, and class +callbacks take precedence over bus callbacks. To be precise, the following +rules are used to determine which callback to execute in the given phase: + + 1. If dev->pm_domain is present, the PM core will attempt to execute the + callback included in dev->pm_domain->ops. If that callback is not + present, no action will be carried out for the given device. + + 2. Otherwise, if both dev->type and dev->type->pm are present, the callback + included in dev->type->pm will be executed. + + 3. Otherwise, if both dev->class and dev->class->pm are present, the + callback included in dev->class->pm will be executed. + + 4. Otherwise, if both dev->bus and dev->bus->pm are present, the callback + included in dev->bus->pm will be executed. + +This allows PM domains and device types to override callbacks provided by bus +types or device classes if necessary. These callbacks may in turn invoke device- or driver-specific methods stored in dev->driver->pm, but they don't have to. @@ -279,15 +309,10 @@ When the system goes into the standby or memory sleep state, the phases are: time.) Unlike the other suspend-related phases, during the prepare phase the device tree is traversed top-down. - In addition to that, if device drivers need to allocate additional - memory to be able to hadle device suspend correctly, that should be - done in the prepare phase. - After the prepare callback method returns, no new children may be registered below the device. The method may also prepare the device or - driver in some way for the upcoming system power transition (for - example, by allocating additional memory required for this purpose), but - it should not put the device into a low-power state. + driver in some way for the upcoming system power transition, but it + should not put the device into a low-power state. 2. The suspend methods should quiesce the device to stop it from performing I/O. They also may save the device registers and put it into the @@ -506,8 +531,8 @@ routines. Nevertheless, different callback pointers are used in case there is a situation where it actually matters. -Device Power Domains --------------------- +Device Power Management Domains +------------------------------- Sometimes devices share reference clocks or other power resources. In those cases it generally is not possible to put devices into low-power states individually. Instead, a set of devices sharing a power resource can be put @@ -516,8 +541,8 @@ power resource. Of course, they also need to be put into the full-power state together, by turning the shared power resource on. A set of devices with this property is often referred to as a power domain. -Support for power domains is provided through the pwr_domain field of struct -device. This field is a pointer to an object of type struct dev_power_domain, +Support for power domains is provided through the pm_domain field of struct +device. This field is a pointer to an object of type struct dev_pm_domain, defined in include/linux/pm.h, providing a set of power management callbacks analogous to the subsystem-level and device driver callbacks that are executed for the given device during all power transitions, instead of the respective @@ -604,7 +629,7 @@ state temporarily, for example so that its system wakeup capability can be disabled. This all depends on the hardware and the design of the subsystem and device driver in question. -During system-wide resume from a sleep state it's best to put devices into the -full-power state, as explained in Documentation/power/runtime_pm.txt. Refer to -that document for more information regarding this particular issue as well as +During system-wide resume from a sleep state it's easiest to put devices into +the full-power state, as explained in Documentation/power/runtime_pm.txt. Refer +to that document for more information regarding this particular issue as well as for information on the device runtime power management framework in general. |