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diff --git a/Documentation/networking/comx.txt b/Documentation/networking/comx.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d1526eb --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/networking/comx.txt @@ -0,0 +1,248 @@ + + COMX drivers for the 2.2 kernel + +Originally written by: Tivadar Szemethy, <tiv@itc.hu> +Currently maintained by: Gergely Madarasz <gorgo@itc.hu> + +Last change: 21/06/1999. + +INTRODUCTION + +This document describes the software drivers and their use for the +COMX line of synchronous serial adapters for Linux version 2.2.0 and +above. +The cards are produced and sold by ITC-Pro Ltd. Budapest, Hungary +For further info contact <info@itc.hu> +or http://www.itc.hu (mostly in Hungarian). +The firmware files and software are available from ftp://ftp.itc.hu + +Currently, the drivers support the following cards and protocols: + +COMX (2x64 kbps intelligent board) +CMX (1x256 + 1x128 kbps intelligent board) +HiCOMX (2x2Mbps intelligent board) +LoCOMX (1x512 kbps passive board) +MixCOM (1x512 or 2x512kbps passive board with a hardware watchdog an + optional BRI interface and optional flashROM (1-32M)) +SliceCOM (1x2Mbps channelized E1 board) +PciCOM (X21) + +At the moment of writing this document, the (Cisco)-HDLC, LAPB, SyncPPP and +Frame Relay (DTE, rfc1294 IP encapsulation with partially implemented Q933a +LMI) protocols are available as link-level protocol. +X.25 support is being worked on. + +USAGE + +Load the comx.o module and the hardware-specific and protocol-specific +modules you'll need into the running kernel using the insmod utility. +This creates the /proc/comx directory. +See the example scripts in the 'etc' directory. + +/proc INTERFACE INTRO + +The COMX driver set has a new type of user interface based on the /proc +filesystem which eliminates the need for external user-land software doing +IOCTL calls. +Each network interface or device (i.e. those ones you configure with 'ifconfig' +and 'route' etc.) has a corresponding directory under /proc/comx. You can +dynamically create a new interface by saying 'mkdir /proc/comx/comx0' (or you +can name it whatever you want up to 8 characters long, comx[n] is just a +convention). +Generally the files contained in these directories are text files, which can +be viewed by 'cat filename' and you can write a string to such a file by +saying 'echo _string_ >filename'. This is very similar to the sysctl interface. +Don't use a text editor to edit these files, always use 'echo' (or 'cat' +where appropriate). +When you've created the comx[n] directory, two files are created automagically +in it: 'boardtype' and 'protocol'. You have to fill in these files correctly +for your board and protocol you intend to use (see the board and protocol +descriptions in this file below or the example scripts in the 'etc' directory). +After filling in these files, other files will appear in the directory for +setting the various hardware- and protocol-related informations (for example +irq and io addresses, keepalive values etc.) These files are set to default +values upon creation, so you don't necessarily have to change all of them. + +When you're ready with filling in the files in the comx[n] directory, you can +configure the corresponding network interface with the standard network +configuration utilities. If you're unable to bring the interfaces up, look up +the various kernel log files on your system, and consult the messages for +a probable reason. + +EXAMPLE + +To create the interface 'comx0' which is the first channel of a COMX card: + +insmod comx +# insmod comx-hw-comx ; insmod comx-proto-ppp (these are usually +autoloaded if you use the kernel module loader) + +mkdir /proc/comx/comx0 +echo comx >/proc/comx/comx0/boardtype +echo 0x360 >/proc/comx/comx0/io <- jumper-selectable I/O port +echo 0x0a >/proc/comx/comx0/irq <- jumper-selectable IRQ line +echo 0xd000 >/proc/comx/comx0/memaddr <- software-configurable memory + address. COMX uses 64 KB, and this + can be: 0xa000, 0xb000, 0xc000, + 0xd000, 0xe000. Avoid conflicts + with other hardware. +cat </etc/siol1.rom >/proc/comx/comx0/firmware <- the firmware for the card +echo HDLC >/proc/comx/comx0/protocol <- the data-link protocol +echo 10 >/proc/comx/comx0/keepalive <- the keepalive for the protocol +ifconfig comx0 1.2.3.4 pointopoint 5.6.7.8 netmask 255.255.255.255 <- + finally configure it with ifconfig +Check its status: +cat /proc/comx/comx0/status + +If you want to use the second channel of this board: + +mkdir /proc/comx/comx1 +echo comx >/proc/comx/comx1/boardtype +echo 0x360 >/proc/comx/comx1/io +echo 10 >/proc/comx/comx1/irq +echo 0xd000 >/proc/comx/comx1/memaddr +echo 1 >/proc/comx/comx1/channel <- channels are numbered + as 0 (default) and 1 + +Now, check if the driver recognized that you're going to use the other +channel of the same adapter: + +cat /proc/comx/comx0/twin +comx1 +cat /proc/comx/comx1/twin +comx0 + +You don't have to load the firmware twice, if you use both channels of +an adapter, just write it into the channel 0's /proc firmware file. + +Default values: io 0x360 for COMX, 0x320 (HICOMX), irq 10, memaddr 0xd0000 + +THE LOCOMX HARDWARE DRIVER + +The LoCOMX driver doesn't require firmware, and it doesn't use memory either, +but it uses DMA channels 1 and 3. You can set the clock rate (if enabled by +jumpers on the board) by writing the kbps value into the file named 'clock'. +Set it to 'external' (it is the default) if you have external clock source. + +(Note: currently the LoCOMX driver does not support the internal clock) + +THE COMX, CMX AND HICOMX DRIVERS + +On the HICOMX, COMX and CMX, you have to load the firmware (it is different for +the three cards!). All these adapters can share the same memory +address (we usually use 0xd0000). On the CMX you can set the internal +clock rate (if enabled by jumpers on the small adapter boards) by writing +the kbps value into the 'clock' file. You have to do this before initializing +the card. If you use both HICOMX and CMX/COMX cards, initialize the HICOMX +first. The I/O address of the HICOMX board is not configurable by any +method available to the user: it is hardwired to 0x320, and if you have to +change it, consult ITC-Pro Ltd. + +THE MIXCOM DRIVER + +The MixCOM board doesn't require firmware, the driver communicates with +it through I/O ports. You can have three of these cards in one machine. + +THE SLICECOM DRIVER + +The SliceCOM board doesn't require firmware. You can have 4 of these cards +in one machine. The driver doesn't (yet) support shared interrupts, so +you will need a separate IRQ line for every board. +Read Documentation/networking/slicecom.txt for help on configuring +this adapter. + +THE HDLC/PPP LINE PROTOCOL DRIVER + +The HDLC/SyncPPP line protocol driver uses the kernel's built-in syncppp +driver (syncppp.o). You don't have to manually select syncppp.o when building +the kernel, the dependencies compile it in automatically. + + + + +EXAMPLE +(setting up hw parameters, see above) + +# using HDLC: +echo hdlc >/proc/comx/comx0/protocol +echo 10 >/proc/comx/comx0/keepalive <- not necessary, 10 is the default +ifconfig comx0 1.2.3.4 pointopoint 5.6.7.8 netmask 255.255.255.255 + +(setting up hw parameters, see above) + +# using PPP: +echo ppp >/proc/comx/comx0/protocol +ifconfig comx0 up +ifconfig comx0 1.2.3.4 pointopoint 5.6.7.8 netmask 255.255.255.255 + + +THE LAPB LINE PROTOCOL DRIVER + +For this, you'll need to configure LAPB support (See 'LAPB Data Link Driver' in +'Network options' section) into your kernel (thanks to Jonathan Naylor for his +excellent implementation). +comx-proto-lapb.o provides the following files in the appropriate directory +(the default values in parens): t1 (5), t2 (1), n2 (20), mode (DTE, STD) and +window (7). Agree with the administrator of your peer router on these +settings (most people use defaults, but you have to know if you are DTE or +DCE). + +EXAMPLE + +(setting up hw parameters, see above) +echo lapb >/proc/comx/comx0/protocol +echo dce >/proc/comx/comx0/mode <- DCE interface in this example +ifconfig comx0 1.2.3.4 pointopoint 5.6.7.8 netmask 255.255.255.255 + + +THE FRAME RELAY PROTOCOL DRIVER + +You DON'T need any other frame relay related modules from the kernel to use +COMX-Frame Relay. This protocol is a bit more complicated than the others, +because it allows to use 'subinterfaces' or DLCIs within one physical device. +First you have to create the 'master' device (the actual physical interface) +as you would do for other protocols. Specify 'frad' as protocol type. +Now you can bring this interface up by saying 'ifconfig comx0 up' (or whatever +you've named the interface). Do not assign any IP address to this interface +and do not set any routes through it. +Then, set up your DLCIs the following way: create a comx interface for each +DLCI you intend to use (with mkdir), and write 'dlci' to the 'boardtype' file, +and 'ietf-ip' to the 'protocol' file. Currently, the only supported +encapsulation type is this (also called as RFC1294/1490 IP encapsulation). +Write the DLCI number to the 'dlci' file, and write the name of the physical +COMX device to the file called 'master'. +Now you can assign an IP address to this interface and set routes using it. +See the example file for further info and example config script. +Notes: this driver implements a DTE interface with partially implemented +Q933a LMI. +You can find an extensively commented example in the 'etc' directory. + +FURTHER /proc FILES + +boardtype: +Type of the hardware. Valid values are: + 'comx', 'hicomx', 'locomx', 'cmx', 'slicecom'. + +protocol: +Data-link protocol on this channel. Can be: HDLC, LAPB, PPP, FRAD + +status: +You can read the channel's actual status from the 'status' file, for example +'cat /proc/comx/comx3/status'. + +lineup_delay: +Interpreted in seconds (default is 1). Used to avoid line jitter: the system +will consider the line status 'UP' only if it is up for at least this number +of seconds. + +debug: +You can set various debug options through this file. Valid options are: +'comx_events', 'comx_tx', 'comx_rx', 'hw_events', 'hw_tx', 'hw_rx'. +You can enable a debug options by writing its name prepended by a '+' into +the debug file, for example 'echo +comx_rx >comx0/debug'. +Disabling an option happens similarly, use the '-' prefix +(e.g. 'echo -hw_rx >debug'). +Debug results can be read from the debug file, for example: +tail -f /proc/comx/comx2/debug + + |